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  • Heat Pump Water Heaters

Heat Pump Water Heaters

  • Product Item:Heat Pump Water Heaters
  • Working Temperature : -15~43 Degree
  • Max Water Temp: 60℃
  • Max. COP: 5.65/5.53
  • Function : Water Heating & Cooling
  • Heat Pump Water Heaters
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    Description

    Heat pump water heaters - also known as hybrid water heaters - are generally considered to be the most energy efficient water heaters on the market. (Note: Because they run on electricity, you may also hear people refer to them as electric heat pump water heaters).

     

    As a result, they have lower operating costs and a much lower carbon footprint. Many homeowners can save between $200 and $600 a year by switching to a hybrid water heater. The only energy-saving projects that will save you more money are replacing your heating and cooling system with a heat pump HVAC system, and improving your home insulation.

     

    They cost more to install than electric or tankless water heaters. But with the cost savings so high, these systems usually pay for themselves quickly.

     

    How does a heat pump water heater work?

    Heat pump water heaters -- also known as hybrid water heaters -- draw heat from the surrounding air to heat the water, rather than relying on electricity or gas. In other words, they move energy rather than generate it. In this way, they use essentially the same technology as heat pumps for space heating and cooling.

     

    As the DOE researchers put it, "The heat pump works like a refrigerator. The refrigerator absorbs heat from the inside of the box and dumps it into the surrounding room, while the stand-alone air source heat pump water heater absorbs heat from the surrounding air. And dump it into the tank at a higher temperature to heat the water.”

     

    Most heat pump water heaters these days also include a back-up resistance heater in case the ambient air temperature isn't hot enough to use. That's why they call them hybrid heat pumps.

     

    Because they use ambient air, heat pump water heaters need to be placed in an area of your home that stays within the 40º–90ºF (4.4º–32.2ºC) range year-round. They also need at least 1,000 cubic feet (28.3 cubic meters) of air space around the water heater to work.

     

    Pros and Cons

    Advantage

    1. Energy efficiency

    Apart from solar water heaters, heat pumps are the most energy efficient. Most of them have an energy factor of at least 2 (compared to 0.6-0.98 for traditional tanks). This means you will spend less on your electricity bill each year than with a traditional electric water heater.

    2. Environmentally friendly

    Since their energy efficient heat pump water heaters are also the most environmentally friendly. Their carbon footprint can be 2-4 times lower than conventional tanks. That's why environmental groups like NRDC and RMI love them.

    3. Rebates and Incentives

    The federal government will give you a $300 tax credit for the purchase of a heat pump. Some states like Maine will give you an instant rebate of $750. Many of the largest utilities like Xcel will give you $500 in rebates. Visit the National Renewable Energy and Efficiency Incentives Database to find out which rebates and incentives you qualify for.

     

    Shortcoming

    1. More expensive upfront costs

    If you live in a place that doesn't offer a heat pump water heater bonus, it may cost more upfront. This is because units are generally more expensive than electric and tankless water heaters and are more complicated to install (which means more plumber hours).

    2. Some background noise

    Some homeowners have complained of a slight hum in the background when the hybrid heat pump is running. However, if you install it in the correct location, this shouldn't be a problem.

    3. Prepaid

    The upfront cost of a heat pump depends on a number of factors, including the equipment you purchase, how long it will take to install, and how much incentive you are eligible for.

    4. Unit cost

    Heat pump (hybrid) water heaters with 50-gallon tanks from the highest-end manufacturers cost anywhere from $1,200 to $2,500 for an 80-gallon tank. Tank size and product quality have the greatest impact on unit cost.

    5. Installation labor

    - Installation of a Hybrid Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) takes about 6 hours and costs between $600 and $800.

    6. Electrician labor

    If you're replacing a traditional electric water tank, you've equipped your HPWH with power. But if you're replacing a gas heater, you may need to bring an electrician to run the 220-volt circuit. This should cost $132-272.

    7. Supplies and Tools

    Your plumber will need some supplies to set up your HPWH. This should cost between $172 and $218.

    8. Processing costs

    Some plumbers charge $25-75 to remove old water heaters. But many of them do it for free.

     

    So, as you can see, the upfront cost of installing a hybrid water heater is higher than installing small energy efficiency projects like LED lighting. But it's still far cheaper than replacing your space heating and cooling (HVAC) with a heat pump.

     

    Annual operating cost

    The operating cost or estimated annual cost of running a heat pump water heater will depend on your heater efficiency rating, the cost of energy where you live, and the amount of hot water you use.

     

    The following are the factors that have the greatest impact on operating costs:

    1. Energy factor

    This is a measure of how much electricity your HPWH needs to heat your water. Most heat pumps have an energy factor of 2, which is about 2-3 times that of a traditional water tank.

    2. Energy consumption/use

    This is how much energy your heat pump will use each month or year. According to the Department of Energy, the average heat pump uses 2,195 kWh of electricity per year (kWh/yr). However, the larger the tank, the more energy you should use.

    3. Energy costs

    This is the electricity bill where you live. Electricity costs are measured in cents per kilowatt-hour ($/kWh). If you live in the South where electricity is cheap, you will pay a lot less than if you live in California or Hawaii, where electricity is more expensive. This EIA data shows the average electricity price in each state. But to get the exact number, you'll need to look at your utility bill.

    The average annual running cost for a water heater is about $225, compared to $400-$800 for many traditional tank water heaters. According to Energy Star, for a family of four, the average cost of running an HPWH is $300 per year, compared with $600 for an electric storage water heater.

     

    Size Guide

    To figure out what size hybrid water heater you need, you should look at the "First Hour Rating" for each model you evaluate. The first hour rating tells you how much hot water you can use in any given hour before the tank has to refill and reheat more incoming water.

     

    Then you need to estimate the maximum amount of hot water you and your family will use at any given time. The way to do this is to look at the flow for all end uses (shower, faucet, dishwasher, etc.) and add up the flow you will use in the same hour.

     

    The average shower uses 2 gallons per minute (low-flow shower heads use less). If two people live in your home and take a 10-minute shower back to back, that will require 40 gallons of hot water.

     

    But let's say one of you needs to shave after the shower. The average flow rate of the tank is 0.5 gallons per minute. If it takes 2 minutes, another 1 gallon of capacity is required.

     

    Now suppose you want to run the dishwasher after the shower. Dishwashers use an average of 6 gallons (4 gallons for energy efficient models).

     

    If you add all of that up, you get 40 + 1 + 6, or 46 gallons. That means you probably want a 50-gallon tank.

     

    But remember, the bigger the tank, the higher the cost. So if you want to save money, you can choose to run the dishwasher at night and shower in the morning. Or you and your partner can take 3 minutes off the shower and only need a 40-gallon tank.

     

    Install

    Probably one of the biggest factors driving your decision is the installation process (or possibility). We've written a complete guide here that covers the installation and cost of tankless water heaters. So we won't go too deep here.

     

    But heat pump water heaters can be installed just like regular electric water heaters. They're basically just more efficient versions of the standard water heaters you've probably seen in your life. Tankless water heaters, on the other hand, are a little different. Usually people install them for specific use cases. For example, in a house I once rented, we had one because there wasn't a closet big enough for a large water tank. So our landlord put a tankless water heater in the small attic. Why? Because it's the only thing that fits. Or to draw from another personal experience, a friend of mine installed one near the guest bathroom because it didn't require much hot water. It sticks easily in the bathroom closet and doesn't take up valuable closet space.

     

    So, as a rule of thumb, our advice is: if you can, install a heat pump water heater. You'll save money, energy, and your investment will outweigh the return. If you can't install it or can't afford it, use a tankless water heater.

     

    But, for the sake of my future, your children's future, and the future of this beautiful planet, please do not install natural gas or oil water heaters. If you do, you're basically guaranteed to emit tens of tons of carbon and burn dangerous gases in your home for decades to come.

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    • Swimming Pool Heat Pump
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      • Spa Heat Pump
    • Hot Water Heat Pumps
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    • Underfloor Heating Heat Pumps
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